The aim of this study was to reduce food insecurity by improving the yield of Bambara groundnut with phosphorus fertilizer. The experiment was carried out in the field at the University of Yaounde I. The experimental design was a split plot with three factors; landraces (V1 and V2), single superphosphate doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg P₂O₅.ha^-1) and AMF inoculum (M0: -AMF and M1: +AMF). P₂O₅ doses and AMF (composites Gigaspora margarita, Acaulospora tuberculata and Glomus intraradices) significantly boosted growth (number of branches, shoot height) and yield of Bambara groundnut. The dose 150 kg P₂O₅.ha^-1 significantly increased the yield by 100% compared to the control (0 kg P₂O₅.ha^-1+M0) in V1. AMFs significantly increased the yield by 87.5% compared to the control in V2. P₂O₅ and AMF independently improved the grain yield. However, low doses of P₂O₅ (100 kg.ha^-1) may be associated with AMF to maximize grain yield of Bambara groundnut.